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- <text id=89TT2005>
- <title>
- Aug. 07, 1989: Next And Final Stop:Neptune
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Aug. 07, 1989 Diane Sawyer:Is She Worth It?
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- SPACE, Page 44
- Next and Final Stop: Neptune
- </hdr><body>
- <p>Voyager sees some intriguing sights as it nears the eighth
- planet
- </p>
- <p>By Michael D. Lemonick
- </p>
- <p> After a marathon journey of twelve years and more than 4
- billion miles, the remarkable Voyager 2 space probe is finally
- approaching its last port of call. Having made historic flybys
- of Jupiter in 1979, Saturn in 1981 and Uranus in 1986, it is
- poised for an Aug. 24 rendezvous with Neptune, the most distant
- of the giant planets. (It will not encounter Pluto, whose
- bizarre orbit now places it closer to the sun than Neptune is.)
- Voyager's aging cameras and electronic sensors are somewhat
- impaired, and the probe is so distant that its signals take four
- hours to travel to earth. Still, scientists expect mounds of
- fresh data and some 8,000 photographic images, entirely new
- information about a little known object that is almost four
- times the size of earth but appears in earthly telescopes only
- as a fuzzy blue-green ball.
- </p>
- <p> Though Voyager is still about 22 million miles from
- Neptune, it has already made several discoveries. It has found
- a new moon to add to the known duo, Triton and Nereid. Labeled
- 1989-N1, the object is between 125 and 400 miles across and has
- a surprisingly ordinary orbit. Like most moons, 1989-N1 orbits
- nearly over its planet's equator and in the same direction as
- the planet's rotation, implying that it formed with or soon
- after Neptune.
- </p>
- <p> By contrast, Triton, which is about the size of earth's
- moon, orbits in the opposite direction. That has led astronomers
- to guess that Triton might be a large asteroid that was captured
- by Neptune's gravity. Such an intrusion should have disrupted
- the paths of any existing moons. This would explain tiny
- Nereid's highly elongated and tilted orbit. But 1989-N1 is just
- "sitting there," says Voyager project scientist Torrence
- Johnson, of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Johnson expects that
- the probe will discover more moons, shedding light on Triton's
- origins. "All of the outer planets have lots of junk around
- them," he notes. Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus have at least 15
- moons apiece. "It would be amazing if we got to Neptune and
- didn't find a bunch of these things."
- </p>
- <p> Like Jupiter and Saturn, but unlike its near-twin next-door
- neighbor, Uranus, Neptune appears to have distinct weather
- patterns. The probe's cameras have glimpsed a streak of white
- that may be an atmospheric jet stream, longitudinal bands that
- could mark prevailing winds, and a dark blotch, perhaps similar
- to Jupiter's ancient high-pressure system known as the Great Red
- Spot. Neptune, Jupiter and Saturn all generate more heat than
- they receive from the sun, while Uranus does not; the excess
- heat may be the source of the turbulence.
- </p>
- <p> Another focal point of scientific interest is Neptune's
- rings. Indirect evidence suggests that they exist, but as arcs
- rather than true rings. Voyager's photographs may help explain
- how they formed. The space probe will also examine reddish
- Triton, whose methane atmosphere is believed to overlie a
- surface puddled with liquid nitrogen.
- </p>
- <p> While astronomers are eager to solve existing riddles about
- Neptune, the most exciting prospect is that Voyager 2 will find
- something unanticipated. That happened at Jupiter, where its
- sister probe, Voyager 1, found volcanoes on the moon Io. It
- happened at Saturn, where both spacecraft found many more rings
- than anyone had predicted. And it happened at Uranus, where
- Voyager 2 found that the planet's magnetic field was tilted an
- unprecedented 60 degrees from the axis of rotation. Given that
- track record, the unexpected is a virtual certainty.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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